Machine + Soul is the 14th studio album, and 11th under his own name, by musician Gary Numan, released in 1992. It is known for being a career low-point for Numan, released primarily in an attempt to pay off the artist's debts during the commercial nadir of his career. Machine + Soul was the culmination of Numan's bid to make his music more "radio-friendly," and Numan's final album before his musical style would turn in a much darker and more industrial direction. Numan's two previous studio albums, 1988's Metal Rhythm and 1991's Outland, had been released through IRS Records. However, Numan's relationship with the record label had become strained, leading to Numan quitting IRS and reactivating his own label, Numa Records, through which he had released his studio albums from 1984 until 1986. He continued to release albums under the label until closing it down permanently after Sacrifice.